Children_and_Youth__Ottoman_Emp XFXF BOOKMOBI # )0 0 8 A J, S [ d m v8 }~ } ~p D p " h MOBI 8pF+ ? P EXTH e International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin m pThis text is licensed under: CC by-NC-ND 3.0 Germany - Attribution, Non-commercial, No Derivative Works. g Ottoman children were not simply passive victims or casualties; they were engaged in every facet of total war. They also became active agents as wage earners, peasants and heads of family on the home front. They directly contributed to the propaganda and mobilization effort as boy scouts, symbolic heroes and orphans of martyrs. Ottoman children from different communal identities also embodied and reproduced internal political crisis and rivalries as actors and targets of nationalist politics. The development of childhood differed in the Ottoman Empire from in the other combatant states, especially due to the rise of nationalism(s), leading to the extermination of the Armenian population and the fall of the supranational Ottoman Empire. This paper discusses the variegated involvement of Ottoman children and youth in the war effort while recognizing the significant agency exercised by children and youth. en en d Nazan Maksudyan GChildren and Youth: Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Empire/Middle East) l 2calibre (2.5.0) [http://calibre-ebook.com] i 9International Encyclopedia of the First World War i 1914-1918-Online i First World War i WW1 i GChildren and Youth: Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Empire/Middle East) q ,45f07452-b408-4bbc-bb75-c0800e51e34a p 4calibre:45f07452-b408-4bbc-bb75-c0800e51e34a EBOK j !2015-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 t Children and Youth: Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)